Which ethical principle requires that patients' rights and dignity be respected?

The principle of autonomy is fundamental in medical ethics as it emphasizes the importance of respecting individuals' rights to make their own decisions concerning their health care and personal lives. This principle acknowledges that patients have the right to control their own medical decisions, which includes the right to be informed about their options and to consent to or refuse treatment. Upholding autonomy ensures that patients are treated with dignity and respect, recognizing their ability to make choices based on their values and beliefs.

In the context of medical technology and patient care, maintaining respect for autonomy means that healthcare professionals must communicate clearly and provide sufficient information for patients to make informed decisions. It is essential for fostering trust between patients and healthcare providers, as well as promoting active patient engagement in their health care.

The other principles, while important, focus on different aspects of medical ethics. Beneficence pertains to the obligation to act in the best interest of the patient, justice refers to fairness in medical treatment and distributing resources, and non-maleficence emphasizes the obligation to avoid harm to patients. While all these principles are integral to ethical medical practice, autonomy specifically highlights the respect for patients' rights and dignity.